衛生研究中證據的定義與循證規范_《中國循證醫學雜志》

作者：

陳耀龍 ¹ , 王夢書 ² , 李曉 ² , 李幼平 ¹

1. 四川大學華西醫院循證醫學與臨床流行病學教研室（成都 610041）；2. 四川大學華西臨床醫學院;

關鍵詞：

衛生研究證據循證規范

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20080229

視頻：

導出 下載 收藏 掃碼 引用

摘要 全文 圖表 視頻 參考文獻 施引文獻 補充材料

近20年隨著循證醫學的發展及其方法學的不斷完善，證據概念和循證原則不僅在醫學各領域廣泛應用，且逐漸滲透于非醫學領域。我們調查了不同組織對衛生研究中證據的定義，結合實際工作提出對證據的新定義：“證據是系統評價后的信息”；同時論述循證規范的形成，為其服務于其他學科和行業提供借鑒和參考。

引用本文： 陳耀龍,王夢書,李曉,李幼平. 衛生研究中證據的定義與循證規范. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2008, 08(12): 1034-1038. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20080229 復制

1.	Sackett DL, Straus SE, Richardson WS, et al. Evidence based medicine: how to practice and teach EBM. Churchill Livingstone; New York. 2 edition. 2000. 1.
2.	Buetow S, Kenealy T. Evidence-based medicine: the need for a new definition. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 2000, 6(2): 85-92.
3.	Goodman NW. Who will challenge evidence-based medicine? J R Coll Physicians Lond, 1999, 33(3): 249-251.
4.	Couto JS. Evidence-based medicine: a Kuhnian perspective of a transvestite non-theory. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 1998, 4(4): 267-275.
5.	Straus SE, McAlister FA. Evidence-based medicine: a commentary on common criticisms. CMAJ, 2000, 163(7): 837-841.
6.	Straus S, Haynes B, Glasziou P, et al. Misunderstandings, misperceptions, and mistakes. ACP J Club, 2007, 146(1): A8-9.
7.	Stein ND. Misunderstandings, misperceptions, and mistakes. ACP J Club, 2007, 146(2): A11.
8.	《古代漢語詞典》編寫組. 古代漢語詞典. 北京: 商務印書館, 2007. 2016.
9.	《古代漢語詞典》編寫組. 古代漢語詞典. 北京: 商務印書館, 2007. 840.
10.	中國社會科學院語言研究所詞典編輯室. 現代漢語詞典. 北京: 商務印書館, 第5版, 2005. 1741.
11.	[2008-11-01] . ht tp: / /www.askoxford.com/conci se_oed/evidence?view=uk.
12.	宋英巨. 排除邏輯矛盾, 客觀定義證據概念. 遼寧師專學報(社會科學版), 2006, 48(6): 136-137.
13.	夏斌. 證據概念的重構. 重慶郵電學院學報(社會科學版). 2004, 16(5): 159-160.
14.	吳曉明, 李金升. 證據概念之探析. 宜賓學院學報, 2007, 7(2): 60-63.
15.	Lester F, Wiliam D. The Evidential Basis for Knowledge Claims in Mathematics Education Research. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 2000, 31(2): 132-137.
16.	李立明, 呂筠. 關注循證公共衛生決策. 中華流行病學雜志, 2006, 27(1): 1-4.
17.	Sackett DL, Straus SE, Richardson WS, et al. Evidence based medicine: how to practice and teach EBM. Churchill Livingstone; New York. 2 edition. 2000: 1-2.
18.	Higgs J, Jones M. Will evidence-based practice take the reasoning out of practice? In Clinical Reasoning in the Health Professionals, 2nd edn. Butterworth Heineman, Oxford, 2000, 307-315.
19.	Zarkovich E, Upshur RE. The virtues of evidence. Theor Med Bioeth, 2002, 23(4-5): 403-412.
20.	Jo RM, Kate S, Angie T, et al. What counts as evidence in evidencebased practice? Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2004, 47(1): 81-90.
21.	[2008-11-01]. http://www.chsrf.ca/other_documents/evidence_e. php.
22.	Guyatt G, Rennie D, Meade M, et al. Users’ Guides to the Medical Literature: A Manual for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice. 2 edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional. 2008. 10.
23.	Petticrew M. Systematic reviews from astronomy to zoology: myths and misconceptions. BMJ, 2001, 322(7278): 98-101.
24.	方積乾, 陸盈, 主編. 現代醫學統計學. 人民衛生出版社. 北京: 人民衛生出版社, 2002. 2-3.
25.	施泰. 法爾. 統計與預測, 2003, (1): 53-54.
26.	李穎科.考據學淵源考辨. 人文雜志, 1987, (5): 86-92.
27.	鄧秀忠. 考證學對中國古代科學技術發展的積極作用. 福建師范大學學報(哲學社會科學版), 1990, (2): 121-123+108。.
28.	史麗君. 淺析《四庫全書總目》對典籍版本的考證——以史部提要為中心. 圖書與情報2005, (5): 96-99+103.
29.	郭康松. 論清代考據學的學術規范. 清史研究, 1999, (3), 65-69.
30.	Eddy DM. Practice Policies: Where Do They Come From? JAMA, 1990, 263(9): 1265-1275.
31.	Guyatt GH. Evidence-based medicine. ACP Journal Club, 1991, 114(1): A-16.
32.	Allen C, Clarke M. Cochrane系統評價小組的全球合作及中國的突出貢獻. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2006, 6(8): 541-549.
33.	Sackett DL, Straus SE, Richardson WS, et al. Evidence-based medicine：How to practice and teach EBM. Edinbrugh: Churchill Livingstone, 1 edition.1997.
34.	Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group.Evidence-based health care: a new approach to teaching the practice of health care. J Dent Educ, 1994, 58(8): 648-653.
35.	Gray M. Evidence-based Health Care. How to make health policy and management decisions. London: Churchill Livingstone, 1 edition. 1997.
36.	萬學紅, 張曉蘭. 醫學教育的循證研究. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2006, 6(5): 318-320.
37.	李幼平, 王莉, 文進, 等. 注重證據, 循證決策. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2008, 8(1): 1-3.
38.	Cookson R. Evidence-based policy making in health care: what it is and what it isn’t. J Health Serv Res Policy, 2005, 10(2): 118-121.
39.	陳耀龍, 艾昌林, 李幼平. "循證"冠名的醫學期刊比較研究. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2007, 7(4): 289-295.
40.	[2008-11-01]. http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed/.
41.	[2008-11-01]. http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/ceweb/index.jsp.
42.	[2008-11-01]. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/ mrwhome/106568753/HOME.
43.	[2008-11-01]. http://www.essentialevidenceplus.com/index.cfm.
44.	[2008-11-01]. www.uptodate.com.
45.	T．S．庫恩, 著. 李寶恒, 紀樹立, 譯. 科學革命的結構. 上海: 上海科學技術出版社, 1980: iiii.
46.	Sehon SR, Stanley DE. A philosophical analysis of the evidencebased medicine debate. BMC Health Serv Res, 2003, 3(1): 14.
47.	Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. Evidence-based medicine: A new approach to teaching the practice of medicine. JAMA, 1992, 268 (17): 2420-2425.
48.	Chalmers I, Haynes B. Systematic Reviews: Reporting, updating, and correcting systematic reviews of the effects of health care. BMJ, 1994, 309(6958): 862.
49.	Mulrow CD. The medical review article: state of the science. Ann Intern Med, 1987, 106(3): 485-488.
50.	Oxman AD, Guyatt GH. Guidelines for reading literature reviews. CMAJ, 1988, 138(8): 697-703.
51.	Richardson WS, Wilson MC, Nishikawa J, et al. The well-built clinical question: a key to evidence-based decisions. ACP J Club, 1995, 123(3): A12–13.
52.	吳泰相, 李幼平, 商洪才, 等. 提高我國衛生研究能力的策略. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2008, 8(8): 625-628.
53.	Clarke M. Doing new research? Don’t forget the old. PLoS Med, 2004, 1(2): e35.
54.	懷特, 著. 彌合裂痕, 流行病學、醫學和公眾的衛生. 張孔來, 王若濤, 李輝, 等譯. 北京: 科學出版社, 1995. 246-293.
55.	Clarke M. The Cochrane Collaboration and the Cochrane Library. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2007, 137(4 Suppl): S52-54.
56.	Davies P, Boruch R. The Campbell Collaboration. Does for public policy what Cochrane does for health. BMJ, 2001, 323(7308): 294-295.
57.	[2008-11-01]. http://www.who.int/ictrp/.
58.	[2008-11-01]. http://www.equator-network.org.
59.	杜亮, 陳耀龍, 陳敏, 等. 從CONSORT到GPP：醫學研究報告規范簡介. 編輯學報, 2008, 20(4): 367-370.
60.	Drummond MF, Sculpher MJ, Torrance GW, 等. 衛生保健項目經濟學評估方法. 第3版. 李士雪, 主譯.北京:人民衛生出版社. 2008. 320.
61.	陳耀龍, 李幼平, 杜亮, 等. 醫學研究中證據分級和推薦強度的演進. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2008, 8(2): 127-133.
62.	Guyatt G. 循證醫學: 過去、現在和未來(一). 中國循證醫學雜志, 2003, 3(4): 264-266.
63.	Open access in medical publishing: trends and countertrends. Can Med Assoc J, 2005, 172(2): 149, 151.
64.	Eddy D. Evidence-based medicine: a unified approach. Health Affairs, 2005, 24(1): 9-17.
65.	張鳴明, 李幼平, 段玉蓉, 等. 抓住機遇, 共迎全球化證據時代的到來. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2008, 8(11): 941-942.

1. Sackett DL, Straus SE, Richardson WS, et al. Evidence based medicine: how to practice and teach EBM. Churchill Livingstone; New York. 2 edition. 2000. 1.
2. Buetow S, Kenealy T. Evidence-based medicine: the need for a new definition. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 2000, 6(2): 85-92.
3. Goodman NW. Who will challenge evidence-based medicine? J R Coll Physicians Lond, 1999, 33(3): 249-251.
4. Couto JS. Evidence-based medicine: a Kuhnian perspective of a transvestite non-theory. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 1998, 4(4): 267-275.
5. Straus SE, McAlister FA. Evidence-based medicine: a commentary on common criticisms. CMAJ, 2000, 163(7): 837-841.
6. Straus S, Haynes B, Glasziou P, et al. Misunderstandings, misperceptions, and mistakes. ACP J Club, 2007, 146(1): A8-9.
7. Stein ND. Misunderstandings, misperceptions, and mistakes. ACP J Club, 2007, 146(2): A11.
8. 《古代漢語詞典》編寫組. 古代漢語詞典. 北京: 商務印書館, 2007. 2016.
9. 《古代漢語詞典》編寫組. 古代漢語詞典. 北京: 商務印書館, 2007. 840.
10. 中國社會科學院語言研究所詞典編輯室. 現代漢語詞典. 北京: 商務印書館, 第5版, 2005. 1741.
11. [2008-11-01] . ht tp: / /www.askoxford.com/conci se_oed/evidence?view=uk.
12. 宋英巨. 排除邏輯矛盾, 客觀定義證據概念. 遼寧師專學報(社會科學版), 2006, 48(6): 136-137.
13. 夏斌. 證據概念的重構. 重慶郵電學院學報(社會科學版). 2004, 16(5): 159-160.
14. 吳曉明, 李金升. 證據概念之探析. 宜賓學院學報, 2007, 7(2): 60-63.
15. Lester F, Wiliam D. The Evidential Basis for Knowledge Claims in Mathematics Education Research. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 2000, 31(2): 132-137.
16. 李立明, 呂筠. 關注循證公共衛生決策. 中華流行病學雜志, 2006, 27(1): 1-4.
17. Sackett DL, Straus SE, Richardson WS, et al. Evidence based medicine: how to practice and teach EBM. Churchill Livingstone; New York. 2 edition. 2000: 1-2.
18. Higgs J, Jones M. Will evidence-based practice take the reasoning out of practice? In Clinical Reasoning in the Health Professionals, 2nd edn. Butterworth Heineman, Oxford, 2000, 307-315.
19. Zarkovich E, Upshur RE. The virtues of evidence. Theor Med Bioeth, 2002, 23(4-5): 403-412.
20. Jo RM, Kate S, Angie T, et al. What counts as evidence in evidencebased practice? Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2004, 47(1): 81-90.
21. [2008-11-01]. http://www.chsrf.ca/other_documents/evidence_e. php.
22. Guyatt G, Rennie D, Meade M, et al. Users’ Guides to the Medical Literature: A Manual for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice. 2 edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional. 2008. 10.
23. Petticrew M. Systematic reviews from astronomy to zoology: myths and misconceptions. BMJ, 2001, 322(7278): 98-101.
24. 方積乾, 陸盈, 主編. 現代醫學統計學. 人民衛生出版社. 北京: 人民衛生出版社, 2002. 2-3.
25. 施泰. 法爾. 統計與預測, 2003, (1): 53-54.
26. 李穎科.考據學淵源考辨. 人文雜志, 1987, (5): 86-92.
27. 鄧秀忠. 考證學對中國古代科學技術發展的積極作用. 福建師范大學學報(哲學社會科學版), 1990, (2): 121-123+108。.
28. 史麗君. 淺析《四庫全書總目》對典籍版本的考證——以史部提要為中心. 圖書與情報2005, (5): 96-99+103.
29. 郭康松. 論清代考據學的學術規范. 清史研究, 1999, (3), 65-69.
30. Eddy DM. Practice Policies: Where Do They Come From? JAMA, 1990, 263(9): 1265-1275.
31. Guyatt GH. Evidence-based medicine. ACP Journal Club, 1991, 114(1): A-16.
32. Allen C, Clarke M. Cochrane系統評價小組的全球合作及中國的突出貢獻. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2006, 6(8): 541-549.
33. Sackett DL, Straus SE, Richardson WS, et al. Evidence-based medicine：How to practice and teach EBM. Edinbrugh: Churchill Livingstone, 1 edition.1997.
34. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group.Evidence-based health care: a new approach to teaching the practice of health care. J Dent Educ, 1994, 58(8): 648-653.
35. Gray M. Evidence-based Health Care. How to make health policy and management decisions. London: Churchill Livingstone, 1 edition. 1997.
36. 萬學紅, 張曉蘭. 醫學教育的循證研究. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2006, 6(5): 318-320.
37. 李幼平, 王莉, 文進, 等. 注重證據, 循證決策. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2008, 8(1): 1-3.
38. Cookson R. Evidence-based policy making in health care: what it is and what it isn’t. J Health Serv Res Policy, 2005, 10(2): 118-121.
39. 陳耀龍, 艾昌林, 李幼平. "循證"冠名的醫學期刊比較研究. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2007, 7(4): 289-295.
40. [2008-11-01]. http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed/.
41. [2008-11-01]. http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/ceweb/index.jsp.
42. [2008-11-01]. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/ mrwhome/106568753/HOME.
43. [2008-11-01]. http://www.essentialevidenceplus.com/index.cfm.
44. [2008-11-01]. www.uptodate.com.
45. T．S．庫恩, 著. 李寶恒, 紀樹立, 譯. 科學革命的結構. 上海: 上海科學技術出版社, 1980: iiii.
46. Sehon SR, Stanley DE. A philosophical analysis of the evidencebased medicine debate. BMC Health Serv Res, 2003, 3(1): 14.
47. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. Evidence-based medicine: A new approach to teaching the practice of medicine. JAMA, 1992, 268 (17): 2420-2425.
48. Chalmers I, Haynes B. Systematic Reviews: Reporting, updating, and correcting systematic reviews of the effects of health care. BMJ, 1994, 309(6958): 862.
49. Mulrow CD. The medical review article: state of the science. Ann Intern Med, 1987, 106(3): 485-488.
50. Oxman AD, Guyatt GH. Guidelines for reading literature reviews. CMAJ, 1988, 138(8): 697-703.
51. Richardson WS, Wilson MC, Nishikawa J, et al. The well-built clinical question: a key to evidence-based decisions. ACP J Club, 1995, 123(3): A12–13.
52. 吳泰相, 李幼平, 商洪才, 等. 提高我國衛生研究能力的策略. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2008, 8(8): 625-628.
53. Clarke M. Doing new research? Don’t forget the old. PLoS Med, 2004, 1(2): e35.
54. 懷特, 著. 彌合裂痕, 流行病學、醫學和公眾的衛生. 張孔來, 王若濤, 李輝, 等譯. 北京: 科學出版社, 1995. 246-293.
55. Clarke M. The Cochrane Collaboration and the Cochrane Library. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2007, 137(4 Suppl): S52-54.
56. Davies P, Boruch R. The Campbell Collaboration. Does for public policy what Cochrane does for health. BMJ, 2001, 323(7308): 294-295.
57. [2008-11-01]. http://www.who.int/ictrp/.
58. [2008-11-01]. http://www.equator-network.org.
59. 杜亮, 陳耀龍, 陳敏, 等. 從CONSORT到GPP：醫學研究報告規范簡介. 編輯學報, 2008, 20(4): 367-370.
60. Drummond MF, Sculpher MJ, Torrance GW, 等. 衛生保健項目經濟學評估方法. 第3版. 李士雪, 主譯.北京:人民衛生出版社. 2008. 320.
61. 陳耀龍, 李幼平, 杜亮, 等. 醫學研究中證據分級和推薦強度的演進. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2008, 8(2): 127-133.
62. Guyatt G. 循證醫學: 過去、現在和未來(一). 中國循證醫學雜志, 2003, 3(4): 264-266.
63. Open access in medical publishing: trends and countertrends. Can Med Assoc J, 2005, 172(2): 149, 151.
64. Eddy D. Evidence-based medicine: a unified approach. Health Affairs, 2005, 24(1): 9-17.
65. 張鳴明, 李幼平, 段玉蓉, 等. 抓住機遇, 共迎全球化證據時代的到來. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2008, 8(11): 941-942.

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衛生研究中證據的定義與循證規范

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《中國循證醫學雜志》

衛生研究中證據的定義與循證規范

摘要 全文 圖表 視頻 參考文獻 施引文獻 補充材料

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