【摘要】 目的 總結甲狀腺功能亢癥（甲亢）患者131I治療中的護理特點及經驗。 方法 2008年1-8月對收治的184例行131I治療的甲亢患者，依據131I治療特點采取針對性的護理措施：心理上幫助其消除緊張焦慮的情緒，飲食方面指導禁食碘物，并密切觀察病情及預防甲亢危象，對服藥中出現的一些不適癥狀及時對癥處理。 結果 184例經131I治療的甲亢患者3～6個月病情痊愈和緩解153例（83.15%），甲亢復發22例（11.96%），甲狀腺功能減退癥發生9例（4.89%）。 結論 有效對癥的護理措施是甲亢患者積極配合治療，早日獲得康復的重要因素。【Abstract】 Objective To summarize the nursing characteristics and experience for the patients with hyperthyroidism treated by 131I. Methods A total of 184 patients with hyperthyroidism underwent 131I treatment between January and August 2008 were included. We took care of the patients according to the therapeutic features of 131I treatment: helped them calm down, advised not eating iodine-containing food, observed the disease condition and dealt with the discomfort after medicated. Results In 184 patients with hyperthyroidism treated by 131I treatment for three to six months, 153 (83.15 %) were cured, 22 (11.96 %) recurred, and 9 (4.89 %) had hypothyroidism. Conclusion Comprehensive nursing is a key point to make the patients with hyperthyroidism cooperate and recover.